at an oversimplified level wherever kissinger built intergenerational friendships between nations he did good; everything else he influenced seems to me to be predicated by if he helped the overall peoples of the old USSR make world safer happier- it doesnt matter that I dont know but sometimes I wonder if anyone knows - see eg wilson centre bye to kissinger
in another oversimplification we can divide impacts on the world into those of businessmen and those of public servants (with perhaps a 3rd group pure scientists0; it is possible that kissinger advice over 50 years and top of most administrations has had ore exponential influence of america in the world than any person in living memory - here is one chat which questions this - how would you improve on this starter for 10 kissinger1.docx
=========== in search of peace and war?
110 and 430 years of not learning about wars
i realise wars are contextual ; Scots which i come from and Irish live 80% outside are homeland so goodwill to all is a top priority of how we appply english and other language models; in my family both parents and grandpatents had their college education interrupted by war - so our perhaps selfish defintion: war is a process where elders btoken systems spill blood mainly of youth and where family loving communities are the first losers a dynamic subconsciously or consciously leveraged by vested interests such as big or bad banking/real estate
given tis defintion of war , its important to learn what caused a world war- as far as we can see the 2 top ststemic causes of world war 1; peoples were still so unrepresented by communications engines begun switzerland 1865 that european decision making was done by a club of about 20 powerul decision makers who segented on 2 opposite sides
the actual cause seems to have been the disaster cause when every hisstory designs borders so that some nations are landlocked; what is needed is some sotrt of transnational convention so that shared infrastructure to shipping routes is inveted in between landlocked and coastal nations
subsidiary hypotheses
world war 1 taught us that a winning side may get rid of bad leaders at top of a place but it cant reassign a peoples place to someone else; in other words a smart criteria of gping to war is whats our plan if we win for places' peoples
given all of this it would seem that morally war should only be started if absolutely necessary - eg my family believe hitler was mad and would have exterminated most people in his way - so war against hitler was justified
another subsidiary hypothesis what is the dominant exchange that a time's world trade is being systemised around if humans the world over dont see /agree that then false wars get started not representing any peoples but the vested interest of that market; in addition if that market isnt traparent about its expoential consequences on nature (as carbon energy rulers have not been) then its likely there will be ever more war, ever less peace
in all of these contexts, when neumann-einstein-turing gave the world brainworking engines they knew this new type of engine would compound threats if it did not resolve all the broken systems that previous engines had spiraled most recently communications engines lauched 1865 worldwide out of switerland's itu
updates month 6 gamifying AI =who advanced humanity who http://normanmacrae.ning.com/forum starting 1951 with Economist diaries of NET - neumann Eisjtein Turing
11/30/23 friends perhaps you could kickstart up a round robin - one best thing for friendships and intelligence that wouldnt have happened without kissinger
in becoming the diary since 1951 of the purposes of brainworlers engines designed by Neumann Eijstein Turing, The Economist imagineered death of cost of distance- ie the day when life critcal intel could be app's between any 2 communities in any hemispehre because in satellite era cost of distance is marginal once the infrastructure exists; and because due to eg those engineers who trustted moores laws (let alone condoleezza rices top 10 tech multipliers for policy makers of 2023 brain cells of computers have been first to analyse and beam data up and down since 4g infrastructure 2009- coincidentally th same date that stanford became the world's epicente of humansai imagenet (neuron networking had been the last lecture notes of the net 1957)
from The Economist 1970s with thanks tp Bard -if you have fav quote why not post it sincerely chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk
1972:
- "The American rapprochement with China is the most significant event in world politics since the Second World War. It has transformed the international landscape, opened up new possibilities for cooperation, and created new uncertainties."
1973:
- "The rapprochement between America and China is not a mere diplomatic maneuver. It is a fundamental change in the world balance of power. It is a recognition that the world is no longer bipolar, but multipolar. And it is a challenge to the existing international order."
1974:
- "The American-Chinese rapprochement is still in its early stages. There are many obstacles to overcome, and the future is uncertain. But the potential benefits of this new relationship are enormous. It has the potential to bring peace and stability to Asia, to promote economic cooperation, and to create a new era of global prosperity."
1975:
- "The American-Chinese rapprochement is one of the most important developments of our time. It is a testament to the power of diplomacy and the resilience of the human spirit. It is a reminder that even the most intractable problems can be solved through dialogue and understanding."
1976:
- "The American-Chinese rapprochement is not a panacea for all the world's ills. But it is a major step forward in the right direction. It is a sign of hope in a troubled world."
These quotes from The Economist reflect the excitement and optimism that surrounded the rapprochement between the United States and China in the 1970s. The two countries had been bitter rivals for many years, but they began to thaw relations in the early 1970s. This rapprochement was a major turning point in world affairs, and it had a profound impact on the course of history.
Henry Kissinger, who was the U.S. Secretary of State at the time of the rapprochement, played a key role in bringing the two countries together. He was a brilliant diplomat who understood the importance of building relationships with China. Kissinger's efforts helped to pave the way for a new era of cooperation between the United States and China.
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/us/politics/2023/11/30/henry-kissinger-death-legacy-five-ways-shaped-modern-world/ > Extracts from
ReplyDeleteTony Diver, Telegraph, US EDITOR, WASHINGTON
30 November 2023 •
1 CHINA In 1971, as Mr Nixon’s national security adviser, Mr Kissinger travelled to China to begin the normalisation of relations, meeting both Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai after a visit to Pakistan. Diplomatic relations with China were fully established by 1979.Summer 2023 visited China just four months before he died;
Much of his legacy has only become clear in recent decades, with the release of unclassified documents, new accounts from East Asia and interviews with officials involved in operations he masterminded.
2 Russia
Mr Kissinger pushed the policy of detente that shaped the United States’ approach to relations with the USSR in the 1970s. He and Richard Nixon established the SALT arms control treaty that aimed to reduce the total number of nuclear weapons on earth. In 1989, Mr Kissinger helped establish a secret communication line between George HW Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev. In later life, Mr Kissinger changed his stance on Ukraine’s membership of Nato, first arguing that allowing Kyiv to join the group would further enrage Russia, then calling for its admission in May 2023.
2 SE ASia - Big disasters appear t have been: the continuation and expansion of the Vietnam War, the US’s decision to conduct a secret bombing campaign in Cambodia in 1969 and 1970, and the government’s support for the Indonesian invasion of Timor-Leste in 1975. Results: death of hundreds of thousands of Cambodians; the totalitarian Khmer Rouge regime, which was in turn responsible for a genocide against civilians. In Timor-Leste, then East Timor, Mr Kissinger supported an Indonesian invasion effort that overthrew the Fretilin regime and resulted in a 24-year occupation and the deaths of up to 180,000 people.;documents show Mr Kissinger and Gerald Ford had discussed it with Suharto, the Indonesian president, the day before it took place.
4 Middle East
The invention of “shuttle diplomacy,” between warring states in the Middle East in the 1970s, has become one of his most enduring legacies.Following the Yom Kippur War between Israel and a coalition of Arab states in 1973, Mr Kissinger met leaders personally to establish a peace process that resulted in various ceasefires in 1974 and 1975 between Israel, Egypt and Syria.
Originally a German-Jewish refugee, Mr Kissinger was supportive of the state of Israel itself and the territorial gains it made during the Six-Day War in 1967, but was keen to reduce the influence of the Soviet Union in the region.
South America
Mr Kissinger’s legacy in South America was partially obscured until the 20th century when newly declassified CIA documents revealed the extent of American involvement in “Operation Condor”, a continent-wide mission to destabilise and eliminate Communist groups and Left-wing governments. Condor saw collaboration between intelligence and security services in Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia, with the intention of removing socialists from power and torturing and killing Left-wing civilians.
In Argentina, Mr Kissinger is believed to have sanctioned the “Dirty War”, which led to the death of up to 30,000 people.
The Kissinger Institute on China and the United States joins the many Wilson Center scholars whose nations and research have been influenced by Henry Kissinger in marking the death of this extraordinary man.
ReplyDeleteWorldwide headlines will proclaim that one of the last giants is gone. Who else has touched the lives of so many, in such diverse ways, over so many eras and across such a vast geography? Historians will spend decades sorting out Henry Kissinger’s complex global legacy, but his contributions to US-China relations are relatively straightforward: together with Richard Nixon, Mao Zedong, and Zhou Enlai, Dr. Kissinger was an architect of a relationship that changed the world. He brought the two nations together in the middle of the Cold War, advised Chinese and American leaders through four decades of engagement and, toward the end of his life, warned that the superpowers were in the foothills of a new cold war. He was alarmed by the arc of the relationship and tireless in his efforts to reduce the likelihood of conflict between the rivals. Even in his hundredth year, he traveled to China in hopes of keeping relations from spinning out of control.
Daly Kissinger
Robert Daly, Director of the Kissinger Institute interpreting for Dr. Kissinger and Chinese President Jiang Zemin during Jiang’s 1997 state visit.
IMAGE CREDIT
There is now no one who has his credibility in Beijing and Washington—no one who can shuttle between the capitals, sit with national leaders, and command their attention as Dr. Kissinger could.
Henry Kissinger was a scholar first and always. New readers of Diplomacy (1995), On China (2012), or World Order (2015) might open those books expecting abstruse, pedantic prose. Instead, they will find a generous writer, keen on reaching a general audience, who crafts sentences with a clarity and directness that would please Strunk & White. His writing, and his views of diplomacy, have shaped the thinking of generations of academics and have inspired the work of the Kissinger Institute, to which he was always a good friend.
Henry Kissinger’s belief that foreign policy must be grounded in understanding of the histories, cultures, and self-concepts of concerned nations is fundamental to the work of the Kissinger Institute and the Wilson Center. We will miss him—probably in more ways than we now imagine. https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/wilson-center-and-its-kissinger-institute-china-and-united-states-passing-henry-kissinger
Brookings Events
ReplyDeleteGlobal actors in the war in Israel and Gaza
Tuesday, December 19, 2023, 10:00 - 11:00 a.m. EST
Online only: https://www.brookings.edu/events/global-actors-in-the-war-in-israel-and-gaza
RSVP to watch online
The war in Israel and Gaza has impacted many countries far beyond the combatants or their immediate neighbors. Major global actors are now both involved in and affected by the crisis. Key states including Russia, China, India, and Turkey are deeply engaged with the developments in the Middle East and with the U.S. response to them. These countries’ different responses have varied according to their own interests, including their global considerations and domestic public opinion constraints.
On December 19, the Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings will host a virtual event with experts on the foreign policies of key global actors to analyze the international aspects of the Middle East crisis.
Viewers may submit questions for speakers via email to events@brookings.edu or on Twitter/X @BrookingsFP using #IsraelAndGaza.
Panel
Moderator: Natan Sachs, Senior Fellow and Director, Center for Middle East Policy, The Brookings Institution
Aslı Aydıntaşbaş, Visiting Fellow, Center of the United States and Europe, The Brookings Institution
Patricia M. Kim, Fellow, Center for East Asia Policy Studies, The Brookings Institution
Tanvi Madan, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, The Brookings Institution
Angela Stent, Nonresident Senior Fellow, Center of the United States and Europe, The Brookings Institution; Senior Advisor and Director Emerita, Center for Eurasian, Russian and East European Studies, Georgetown University
ReplyDeleteFormer Secretary of State Henry Kissinger reportedly wrote a manuscript on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict near the end of his life. However, the exact details of this manuscript, including whether it contains his final viewpoint on the issue, remain unclear.
Here's what we know:
1. Manuscript Existence:
In 2022, Kissinger confirmed the existence of a manuscript on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict during a CNN interview.
He described it as a "historical survey" but provided no specific details about its content or publication plans.
2. Publication Status:
Currently, the manuscript remains unpublished.
No official information regarding its release date or distribution format is available.
3. Potential Content:
While the specific content of the manuscript is unknown, Kissinger's past statements and actions provide some clues about his perspective on the conflict.
He has historically advocated for a two-state solution, emphasizing the need for both Israelis and Palestinians to make concessions for peace.
He has also been critical of unilateral actions that could undermine peace negotiations.
4. Impact and Significance:
If released, Kissinger's manuscript could have a significant impact on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
His unique position as a former Secretary of State and experienced diplomat could lend weight to his recommendations.
His views could also spark debate and discussion among policymakers and the wider public.
5. Transparency and Access:
Given the potential significance of the manuscript, there are calls for its publication and public access.
Transparency regarding its content is crucial for promoting informed discussions and evaluating Kissinger's final thoughts on the conflict.