Rank	People's Science Field	Description	Emerging Open Elements
1	Open Data Science & Analytics	Using open datasets and tools (e.g., Python, R) for insights in policy, environment, and health.	arXiv preprints;
2	Citizen Science & Crowdsourced Research	Public participation in data collection (e.g., birdwatching apps, pollution monitoring).	Platforms like Zooniverse;
3	Open Access Biomedical Research	Free sharing of health studies, drug trials, and genomics data.	PubMed Central (2M+ articles);
4	Environmental & Climate Open Modeling	Collaborative simulations for weather, biodiversity, and carbon tracking.	OpenEarth/Climate repositories;
5	Open Educational Resources (OER) in STEM	Free textbooks, courses, and simulations for science learning.	ERIC database;
6	Collaborative Software & Code Repositories	Open-source coding for apps, simulations, and tools (e.g., GitHub for science).	GitHub's 100M+ repos;
7	Open Hardware & Maker Science	DIY designs for sensors, labs, and renewables (e.g., 3D-printed tools).	OpenDOAR hardware dirs;.
8	Bioinformatics & Genomics Sharing	Open genomes and protein folding data for personalized medicine.	BioRxiv preprints;
9	Fusion & Advanced Energy Research	Open plasma/physics models for clean power.	ITER collaborations (35 countries);
10	Quantum Computing & Simulation	Shared algorithms for drug discovery and materials.	Quantum OA in arXiv;