75 years in a day of Economist Q&A since 1951 with Neumann , Einstein, Turing
40 YEARS MEDIA CHARTERING
London Celebrating AI & Quantum & 6G & Energy --- thanks to lead mapmakers Jensen & Demis & Charles3 .. EJ : : Japan+63 ... MEIM : Millennials Energy Intelligence Mapping

Old home page. -please use web version of our timeless blogs

www.economistdiary.vom Is English Language Modelling intelligent enough to sustain our human species? Great are 1990s Valley startups eg nvidia, musk's and googles exponentially linking much of whats humanly possible with machines engineered billion times mo(o)re maths brainpower than individuall human minds. But 1943 UK future shocks to.o. Geoffrey Crowther Economist Ed started debate keynes: were engineers deeper than economists in locking in futures next gens connect?. 1943 also saw dad norma cambridge studies interrupted serving last days as teen navigator allied bomber command burma. Surviving joyfully hired 1948 by Crowther to mediate engineers like Neumann Einstein Turing & Economist purpose. 3 generations apart, imost unfortunate Neumann-Einstein-Turing all left earth by early 1957: last coding notes Neumann's Computer and the Brain. Economist IQuiz disliked by EU but what to do with billion times more machine brainpower celebrated by Kennedy, & the royal families of UK & Japan. Whence not surprising greatest UK AI startups deep mind & arm influenced by royal societies & Cambridge business park ( crown property) & crick/watson open sources of dna, & cavendish lab 1920s influencing Taiwan's tech grandfather. see part 2

2025report 40 years in inteligence war between bad media and good education agents Countries with good data sovereignty projects rsvp chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk UK Japan Taiwan India France Saudi UAE Korea S Singapore HK US 1 2

Monday, January 9, 2023

2023's zooms around humanity off to best ever start

jan 18 out of new york zooms start 9am local time with imo the best marketer of an sdg Mr toilet Jack Sim Goal 6

if you are interested in zooming rsvp chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk jan 18 or any time there's an imporatnt solution communities can scale worldwide

do you have a fav all time zoom alumn? 2008 was the first yera of worldrecordjobs.com survey of 20 years whose knowhow would you most like t0o be alumni of - special deication to number 1 ispiration of 1billiongirlls.com - Fazle Abed

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Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the United States ...

Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Uni...

Quantum

Energy ( Nuclear)

Some early energy partners

erships announced:

X-Energy (US) + Centrica (UK): Up to 12 advanced modular reactors (AMRs) at Hartlepool (Teesside), £5–10 billion investment. X-Energy's Xe-100 SMRs will power AI data centers and local grids, with joint R&D on fuels. Centrica (British Gas owner) handles deployment; expected operational by 2030.
Holtec International (US) + EDF (France/UK) + Tritax Big Box REIT (UK): £11 billion for small modular reactors (SMRs) at the former Cottam coal site (Nottinghamshire) to power data centers. Holtec's SMR-160 design integrates AI for optimization; EDF provides nuclear expertise, Tritax handles real estate.
Rolls-Royce SMR (UK) + BWXT (US): Existing partnership expanded with £500 million+ for SMR fuel supply and deployment. BWXT's advanced fuels align with US-UK non-proliferation goals; targets UK sites like Wylfa (Anglesey).
Broader Ecosystem: UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) + US Department of Energy (DOE) for fusion (e.g., AI-accelerated simulations). NVIDIA and Microsoft contribute via AI for reactor design (e.g., Omniverse for virtual testing). No single "who" dominates—it's a consortium of ~10 firms/labs, with £20 billion+ in nuclear-specific pledges.

Around 6G: Who Exactly Is Coming Together?

6G is positioned as the "next frontier" for secure telecom, with joint R&D on AI-enabled networks for defense, supply chain resilience, and standards (e.g., harmonizing with 3GPP). It's less investment-heavy (£2–5 billion) than AI/nuclear but focuses on "secure 6G ecosystems" to counter China. Specific partners:

Qualcomm (US) + BT Group (UK): Lead collaboration on 6G prototypes, with £1 billion+ for AI-integrated base stations and edge computing. Qualcomm's Snapdragon X80 modem tech pairs with BT's Open RAN for trials in London/Manchester by 2027.
Nokia (Finland/UK) + Ericsson (Sweden/US): £500 million joint venture for 6G spectrum sharing and security standards, building on UK 5G networks. Nokia's AirScale platform incorporates AI for dynamic spectrum allocation.
Government-Led: US NTIA + UK Ofcom for regulatory alignment; includes defense applications (e.g., secure comms with BAE Systems UK + Raytheon US).
Broader Ties: Samsung (South Korea/US) and Intel (US) contribute chips; total ~£3 billion, targeting 6G commercialization by 2030.

The "coming together" is consortium-based, with 5–7 firms, emphasizing open standards to avoid Huawei dominance—Trump called it "future-proofing freedom."

Were Any Health Companies from the US Involved?

Yes, several US health/biotech firms are directly involved, with the deal's AI-for-Science program (US DOE/Health + UK equivalents) leveraging NHS data for "billion times greater maths brain" pattern analysis in drug discovery, cancer research, and precision medicine. This is a standout "leap forward," as Hassabis noted, with NHS's vast dataset (~55 million records) enabling AI models for chronic diseases. Key US players:

Google DeepMind (US/UK): £2–4 billion for AI-biotech, expanding AlphaFold (protein folding) with NHS data for drug discovery. Hassabis highlighted "deep data patterns" for faster treatments; includes automated labs and genomic simulations. (DeepMind's UK roots make it a hybrid, but US funding dominates.)
Microsoft + OpenAI: £25 billion+ total, with health-specific £5 billion for NHS AI (e.g., Azure Bio) using Stargate UK supercomputer for biotech simulations. OpenAI's multimodal models analyze NHS imaging for cancer detection; Altman called it "transformative for global health."
NVIDIA: £5–10 billion, with biotech focus via BioNeMo platform for NHS drug design (e.g., AI-accelerated trials). Huang emphasized "quantum-AI hybrids" for pattern discovery in genomics.
Other US Health Firms:
- Tempus (US biotech): £500 million partnership for precision oncology, using NHS data with Tempus's AI platform to match patients to trials.
- PathAI (US pathology AI): Integrated into NHS pilots for diagnostic imaging, backed by £200 million.
- Insilico Medicine (US/China roots, US ops): £300 million for AI drug discovery, focusing on aging-related diseases with NHS cohorts.

No pure pharma giants like Pfizer are named, but the focus is AI-biotech hybrids (~£10 billion health-specific). Hassabis's presence underscores the "science-defense" synergy Trump praised.This partnership is indeed historic—Europe's first major bilateral tech deal of this scale, unlocking £31 billion and positioning the UK as a US AI/nuclear bridge to Europe. It could accelerate your vision of AI education/biotech abundance (e.g., NHS data for SHELFF health pillar), but risks deepening transatlantic dependencies amid China rivalry. If tying to your book, it exemplifies "schools engineers" scaling AI for citizen services.

Vote for hundred most intelligent videos ever seen
rsvp chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk for free bookmark listing or to register your vote

Source 1: from 8 AI world summits since White House AI Exceutive Order 1 2 : Oct 2023M
1.1 King Charles purpose of intelligence & commonwealth-launching ai world series Nov 2023
1.2 Two billionaires fireside chat, Mumbai AI summit OCt 2024- Jensen - India's prime minister Modi is only nation leader to ask me how xan intelligence help a nation's people (that was six years ago). Munesh - yes our PM has decided it would be good if the nmation with the most yoiuth is best connected with woprldwid intelligence

===== Source Axios
A1.1 Sdg7 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9KJOhxAPCz0
2 Golden Oldies 2.1 (2015) EM I am interested in creating computer driven cars so that we can reduce 70000 annual deaths by man-driven cars; JH I am interested in your work on cars as they will be the first mass scale robots 2.2 (2006) Nobel Peace Laureate Yunus speech: 100 million vilage women have established the most exciting economics database ever seen- because the corporate model is the only one that scales investments its the only model worth millennails applying to acheive and of their generations deepest goals- why should any market be led by that sector's best for the wor;d purpose
2.2.1 Youth pop group "green children "collect million $ for grameen charity with song Hhear Me Now" released at same time as Nobel Prize

3 Confessions about worlds greatest mathematicians or algoritmh guys
3.1 The Transformer 7 whose maths took the world by chat in 2023
3.2 our hi-tech world would not exist without John V Neumann so why do few leaders know of the safety chalenges he foresawHr>4 Imagine!

4,1 what would happen if the best of zuckenberg's facebook multipled best of jensen's Nvidia- bonus points what would hapen if we asked AI to make the best of those 2 engineer's worlds

5.1 Lifetime Intelligences (not spoecific to AI but humanity would be much the poorer without thesde contributions which are thus core to whether we are truly advancing the human lot
5.1 optimal videos of life work of abed bhai - number 1 poverty alleviator eg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQPPAebk8AU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PShVIYumIo4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IA1yyjpuZy0

From 2015's intelligence goals launch by UN, Nvidia has been setting standard of partnerships worthy of millennials livlihooods-happ2024 from Jensen Huang

Nvidia's learning curve started 1993: Deep Learning33rd year accelerated computing Routes to
IDOL Intelligence Deep Open Learning

JensenH Route 1 weather alerts preventing disasters<>smart grids<>gov2.0 as engineers of energy, first response, health, education, sports-mental health, biotech, infrastucture, communal commerce, safety not as gov1<>Democratise coding and regional data sovereignty/
BobPette Route1.1 2g
Climate AI
digital twins<>Earth2.0<>CeoSpatialAI
HelenaFu Route E2g
NISTRoute2Sg
Fei-Fei LiRoute2 MachineVision<>Robotics<>Democratise coding<>Ai4all.org<>NAIRR NSF
StanfordHAI<>Worldlabs.ai<>WomensLift
WendyTWhiteRoute2.1 Intrinsic RobotsAIGoogle; wife King Charles AI envoy<>Family Myanmar
DHassabisRoute3 DeepMindScience Ai<>250millionproteinAlphafold3<>Bitech Isomorphics
ANgRoute4 OpenRoute5.1JBezosRoute5: Largest GTU user;Amazon; Bezos EarthFund
BloombergHopkinsRoute6 100AI&Profs<>Top100 Sustainable Mayors
Doerr&JobsFamilyRoute7 Va'lleyLeaders@40+<>Environment first new Stanford School in 70 years
AxiosRoute8
ITIFRoute9
PriscillaCZIRoute10Female led meta-philantropy
MelindaGatesRoute10.1-

8 billion intelligence fans remember
September @susanwojcicki ex ceo youtube; last gig @planet

intelligence world's leading panels - CA DC UN'-SummitFuture NY

Gamma3 world I see with FFLi: Ms Condoleeza Rice, ..Melinda Gates...Jennifer Doudna, , Audrey Cheng ...:: Mr Ed Catmuti, Antonio Guterres, Hassabis, Hoffman Reid, Pichai ...
BetaAfrica 1 Mandela, Maathai, Roy, Kirrane
Alpha2food- borlaug, longpin, abed, chandler
Gamma2 AICancer/drug discovery Vertes Bosselut, Curtis, Fei-Fei LI, Hassabis - see also June 2023 Welcome pdf
Alpha4HealthDeepIntel Paulo Freire, Fazle Abed, Martha Chen & Family, James Grant, Paul Farmer, George Soros, JYKim, Antonio Guterres. Melinda Gates. Lila Ibrahim
Human AI valley Gamma317: Etchemendy, Brin, Pichai, Page
Gamma4 Mustafa Suleyman,, Jeff Dean, Ilya Sutskever, Timnit Gebru: Bard was kind enough to review AI Game and to add these additional nominations
α20 Drucker Schwab Guterres Abe -and back Ackoff Simon Owen Soros Attenborough Neumann Einstein Orwell

Gamma3 Human AI Valley: Etchemendy, Pichai, Brin, Page

from AIGOODmedia.com :world's most valuable meeting in 60 years or ever!- not since JFKennedy, world leaders asked platform solutions from humanity's top 3 engineers

1 Change Media: The first tele age began in 1865 with Switerland’s ITU apponted to cooperatively mediate coms standard across nations first of telegrams then telephones , radio; telexes .. we know that tele1 ‘s 80 years to 1945 did not go well ending with 2 wotld wars – it was therefore important to design tele2 , web1 and web 2 eras in ways that maximised win-win cooperation--- missed opportunities include around 2000 from tele2 to web1 research.; this hasn’t happened and leaves in 2020s us with the ultimate challenge of getting web 3 good for millennials to be the SDG generation- can blockchain help? Can various gaming and metaverse tools help? can all of these interconnect education and ai for good- see also UN2 Global Connectivity My 50 journeys to Asia began with Unilever project Indonesia 1982; the greatest privilege of my life being invited by Japan Ambassador to bangladesh to start what became 16 journeys to bangladesh in remembrance of my father Norman's joy of human development - see Abedmooc.com and beingAi.com- join our next journey chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk	Change Education; Back in 1981 - co-authored 2025report-: my family and The Economist were now benefiting from 30 years experiential learning of linking Von Neumann inspired surveys; this led us to believe digital humans (web1 from 1990, web2 from 2005 ) most important innovation would be skills dashboard and personal trainer for every being; we could not imagine that in 2023 a uni in my fav city NY would stop students from playing with first 100 million dollar brain-may you all be free again soon- meanwhile clues of what your brainpower is missing are at ai.gov or mingle with 6000 educators who love your future most: NY based ED3dao.com	3 Design Good AI	4 Training every places' next decades Maths Goats and assign to nature's deepest data searches and open sources	5 Transform gov to servant leadership -how many different professions hippocratic oaths will you need to update to achieve this/	6 work out behavioral change (subcomscious as well as conscious mindset frames if inter-generation of 8 billion beings to valuetrue interact rights beyond borders and inclusion within, as well as future's most urgent new sustainability puzzles
7 recursion of womens/parents kindness in every way this community flow celebrates what short-term monetisation cannot Leaders of womensAI and SD generation include Fei-Fei Li (UN started aiforgood summits from 2018; AI4All;major cordinator of USA year 1 briefing ai.gov in 2023; Jeanne Lim first to help UN celebrate UN humanoid sophia as SDGs connectr 2017; at beingai.com first to ask how womens AI avatar celebrations and web3 can launch each other & Mongolia’s founder of Girlstech from late 2022 – joint host of Mongilian and Un tech envoy summit 2022 in terms of deep research that chnaged AI Fei-Fei Li has few equals- here’s what chatgpt say about her up to 2105 Fei-Fei Li made significant contributions to the field of computer vision, which helped to advance AI during the period between 2000 and 2015 with the creation of ImageNet, a large-scale visual database for machine learning research. The ImageNet project provided a massive amount of data for training computer vision models, and its release in 2009 was a major turning point in the development of deep learning and convolutional neural networks. The availability of large amounts of annotated data allowed researchers to build more accurate and efficient computer vision models, and this helped to spur progress in other areas of AI, such as natural language processing and robotics. Fei-Fei Li also worked on developing new techniques for machine learning, particularly in the area of unsupervised learning. Her work on unsupervised feature learning, which aims to automatically learn representations of data without human supervision, helped to advance the development of deep learning techniques and made it possible to train models on large amounts of unstructured data. ,other researchers such as Geoffrey Hinton, Yann LeCun, and Yoshua Bengio and Demis Hassabis with his team at DeepMind also made major contributions to the development of deep learning and other AI techniques. In addition, the contributions of industry giants like Google, Microsoft, and IBM, who invested heavily in AI research and development during this period, also played a significant role in driving the advancement of AI.

Keynes last lesson - no economist can compound more than 1 purpose
- corollary as seconded by climate czar kerry at davosagenda.com jan 2021-at glasgow cop26 lets demand any corporate leader maps purpose of leading market sector
- The 21st c Economist alphabet of purposes :
AI Bank Diary Food Green Health ...

probably the 2 most human arguments my father (norman macrae) made in sub-editing over 2000 leaders in the economist for most of the second half of the 20th century

-1) health builds sustainable economies not vice versa- two trillion dollar debates on health most concerning father:

in least developing countries, nothing is more important to a place's future than raising average life expectancy from 40s to 60s; what matters is a country's opportunity to develop round 40 years of productive life instead of 20; the average life expectancy of least developed countries hides the amount of focus needed on child and maternal health;

2) how tech and particularly von neumans ai impacts health will determine species survival or extinction- this is an exponential challenge - by 2025 or 2030 at the outside we will likely know if mother earth still values our species

what diary events in 2021 do you recommend interacting in 2021 to progress the human lot?

=============================

worldrecordjobs.com asks: has any american has been loved as much worldwide as james grant? he valued poorest children -their health, their freedom/communities to grow up safe and happily curious- everywhere -especially where huge youth populations were struggling with poverty's chains - making unicef a solutions branch perhaps unlike any un branch before or since

my personal opinion -year 37 of argument co-authored with dad the economist's norman macrae in 1984- is when national politicians get in way of future of children - our species survival is put exponentially at risk even faster than what we do to climate but happy to learn from those with alternative valuation hypotheses chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk

of course in these exciting 2020s, valuation priorities are tied up with how fast tech is redesigning what is humanly and what is artificially operated real time - changing what government is or isnt free to do- a reason why we want to see what teachers of every age group actually understand about ai - when education misses out a whole curriculum its both a teaching and learning crisis - the biggest loser being the younger half of the world

grant references include - unicef annual report year grant died

promises kept - testimonies by grant alumni / south asia

the first 2 saarc summits convened in bangladesh and delhi appear seminal- unfortunately there seem to be few open source proceedings of these conferences - if you find any let us know chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk

GOOD NEWS FOR TRUE MEDIA

Should we dare to listen to asia’s poorest women as well as animal kingdomspecies traced by the bbc’s david attenborough, the good news is the hard work over the last half century by the world’s poorest women reveals segmentation of market purposes that any community dependent on last mile services adapt. Mental adaptation needed to celebrate tech of worldwide connectivity involves mediating loving societal awareness; analytic adaptation involves transparently clarifying what data is supplied for machine intel not just to crunch but to turn into real-time public service platforms- the great innovation and goowill multiplication challenge of the 2020s.

Market segmentation – rehearsed at fazle abed roundtable briefings on coalition of girls-sdg new universities

Safe & Resilient Community

Barefoot rights lawyers, and professionals concerned with 4 market sectors most related to goal 1 poverty, 2 hunger, 3 health, 4 education

Community-resilient coalitions -maximising communities skills for disaster preparedness and relief

Training of future public servants aligned to deep data of the least sustainable families wherever ai platforms operate real time public services- the species defining challenge of the 2020s in humanising AI

Last mile Health service markets

· *Basic life-critical knowhow -eg non-prescription drugs and clean water/oral rehydration

· *Infectious diseases

· *Chronic diseases

*Surgery caused by violent accident

*Mental -wellness diseases – often initiated by abuse or societal neglect

Lifelong livelihood/skills education

College education

Teenage education including different bridges to career -eg college is different from apprentice

Primary education

Pre-school

Agriculture (goal 2 )

Food security to end famine and/or obesity

Water and food positively energizing human body not contaminated by waste or energy needed for machines

Land and ocean connections with green needs if earth to support 10 billion instead of eg 1.5 billion – the usa ecology of land etc use

Finance -what we know is these 6 financial systems are needed to end poverty of billion poorest women of 20^th century

*Double loop reformation of global aid industry round microfranchise (social business) when value chains can be redesigned round those previously most left out of infrastructure etc- and grants that directly transfer life critical capacity locally

*Ultra grant to graduate to savings and loans for poorest

*Savings and loans for poorest allied to value chain design integrating smallest local enterprises with least infrastructure

*Small enterprise banking for next generation who move from village to city

*Remittance banking

*Digital banking prioritised for the unbanked or underbanked

The 1960s moon race decade may have seemed like the most exciting time to be alive with its giant leap for mankind. The communications reality of all who mediate needs to be the 2020s celebrated multiple ground level leaps forward round mother earth: post-covid, towards green, around all lives matter- this requires education and health revolutions connecting every community way beyond the capability of zero-sum monetary games. Fortunately, the 4^th industrial revolution offers a just-in-time escape route from oblivion – humanising artificial brains to operate real-time platforms which in turn depends on transparent mapping of data – bottom up and open- because those are nature’s evolutionary accounting rules

@obamauni

@obamauni’s Moments

mace

what if educators not economists determine species growth or extinction

zoomuni.net

macrae

Sep 12, 2020

economistsports.net

macrae

Jan 29, 2020

economistwomen.com

macrae

Jul 24, 2020

tourshare

macrae

Oct 29, 2019

Human AI

macrae

May 15, 2020

asian entrepreneur

macrae

Feb 29, 2020

corona curricula

x an open letter to hosts of education laureates from authors of 1984's 2025report.com

we have attended some of your prize givings and nothing inspires us like those who free children with education

but our opinion in 2020s : it's impossible to live up to the legacy of those who valued children most like james grant or fazle abed- with prizes that only single out one person's team and one age range of education- of course these are inspiring but they cant flow the whole transformation of education on which sustainability will depend

one classic example of chatting to fazle abed- moocs had just arrived at the world bank around 2013 when jim kim was in charge

abed teasingly said

i get Massive - i like scaling solutions

i get Open - nobody should ever patent a life critical solution - a note my family found in von neumanns diaries when writing his biography

i get Online

but why isnt C for collaboration?

there are so many missing action skills/curricula of 2020s-and if the younger half of the world is to make transformations to health, green and education they will need network collaboration more than individual brilliance - whether its mapping how to vaccinate everyone or humanising artificial intelligence for good

towards lifelong teaching and studying

in our opinion, teachers of any age group urgently need to be freed to be curious about tech and ai- how can the age group they teach be excited about using tech to be the first sdg generation if the teachers are neither excited nor exploring whats next with #aiforgood - if instead youth are being chained to historic standard exams

moreover the most valuable skills any 19 year old can learn are now changing every 4 years; since 2015 there has been more new local data worldwide than the whole of history- how computers turn that into operational platforms will depend on what 19 year olds are free to do/connect in 2020s far more than siloised expert olders

fazle's main answer to 2020s as ultimate sdg decade, which he discussed with most asian ambassadors in his final years eg twice at dinner tables kindly hosted by japan ambassador in remembrance of my father- find at least one new university per country- make a coalition- share all courses- don't put community-engaged students in debt- start getting ai to digitally identify each students own proven digital skillsets -

- if as kerry said at innovating economics to sustain net generation goodhubsguide.com since 2006 last glasgow may be humanity's last best chance to go green - isnt it also the last best chance to free children from over-siloised education? to massively transfer knowhow for last mile services health and smart and culturally inclusive

sincerely

chris macrae

EconomistDiary.com thanks alibrac.com 1BillionGirls.com washington dc + 1 240 316 8157

ps the home capital of 5 generations of my diaspora scot family is glasgow whose university was also abed's alma mater and the start of the machine age 260 years ago- if you have any challenges or celebrations to share during glasgow cop26 we'd love to help maximise celebrating yidan prize winners or searching for nominations 2022

Rank	People's Science Field	Description	Key Open Elements
1	Open Data Science & Analytics	Using open datasets and tools (e.g., Python, R) for insights in policy, environment, and health.	arXiv preprints;
2	Citizen Science & Crowdsourced Research	Public participation in data collection (e.g., birdwatching apps, pollution monitoring).	Platforms like Zooniverse;
3	Open Access Biomedical Research	Free sharing of health studies, drug trials, and genomics data.	PubMed Central (2M+ articles);
4	Environmental & Climate Open Modeling	Collaborative simulations for weather, biodiversity, and carbon tracking.	OpenEarth/Climate repositories;
5	Open Educational Resources (OER) in STEM	Free textbooks, courses, and simulations for science learning.	ERIC database;
6	Collaborative Software & Code Repositories	Open-source coding for apps, simulations, and tools (e.g., GitHub for science).	GitHub's 100M+ repos;
7	Open Hardware & Maker Science	DIY designs for sensors, labs, and renewables (e.g., 3D-printed tools).	OpenDOAR hardware dirs;.
8	Bioinformatics & Genomics Sharing	Open genomes and protein folding data for personalized medicine.	BioRxiv preprints;
9	Fusion & Advanced Energy Research	Open plasma/physics models for clean power.	ITER collaborations (35 countries);
10	Quantum Computing & Simulation	Shared algorithms for drug discovery and materials.	Quantum OA in arXiv;

EconomistDiary.com : AI Games: Architect Intelligence

Monday, January 9, 2023

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Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the United States ...

@obamauni’s Moments

EconomistDiary.com thanks alibrac.com 1BillionGirls.com